[8]Your eyes aren’t deceiving you, but the labels might be. There are more products claiming to be green on the shelves of stores these days, however, those “all-natural” and “organic” products are most likely committing at least one of The Seven Sins of Greenwashing—as compiled by TerraChoice Environmental Marketing (http://sinsofgreenwashing.org/ [9]).

Between 2007 and 2009, the in-store availability of so-called “green” products has increased between 40% and 176%, with 98% of products surveyed still committing at least one Sin of Greenwashing, according to TerraChoice’s newly released report, “The 2009 Seven Sins of Greenwashing.” Greenwashing, as defined by TerraChoice, is the act of misleading consumers regarding the environmental practices of a company or the environmental benefits of a product or service.

Says TerraChoice, greenwashing is changing in creative ways. As a result, a new sin has been identified and added to the company’s original 2007 Six Sins of Greenwashing. The “Sin of Worshipping False Labels” means that some marketers are mimicking third-party environmental certifications on their products to entice consumers to buy.

“The good news is that the growing availability of green products shows that consumers are demanding more environmentally responsible choices, and that marketers and manufacturers are listening,” says TerraChoice vice president Scot Case. “The bad news is that TerraChoice’s survey of 2,219 consumer products in the U.S. and Canada shows that 98 percent committed at least one Sin of Greenwashing and that some marketers are exploiting consumers’ demand for third-party certification by creating fake labels or false suggestions of third-party endorsement. Despite the number of legitimate eco-labels out there, consumers will still have to remain vigilant in their green purchasing decisions.”

The list revealed
The Seven Sins of Greenwashing, from most common to least common, are:

1. The Sin of the Hidden Trade-off, which occurs when one environmental issue is emphasized at the expense of potentially more serious concerns. In other words, when marketing hides a trade-off between environmental issues. Paper, for example, is not necessarily environmentally preferable just because it comes from a sustainably harvested forest.

2. The Sin of No Proof. This happens when environmental assertions are not backed up by evidence or third-party certification. One common example is facial tissue products that claim various percentages of post-consumer recycled content without providing any supporting details.

3. The Sin of Vagueness, which occurs when a marketing claim is so lacking in specifics as to be meaningless. “All-natural” is an example of this sin. Arsenic, uranium, mercury, and formaldehyde are all naturally occurring—and poisonous. “All-natural” isn’t necessarily “green.”

4. The (new) Sin of Worshipping False Labels. This is when marketers create a false suggestion or a certification-like image to mislead consumers into thinking that a product has been through a legitimate green certification process. One example of this sin is a brand of aluminum foil with certification-like images that show the name of the company’s own in-house environmental program for which there is no explanation.

5. The Sin of Irrelevance. This sin arises when an environmental issue unrelated to the product is emphasized. One example is the claim that a product is “CFC-free,” since CFCs are banned by law.

6. The Sin of Lesser of Two Evils, which occurs when an environmental claim makes consumers feel “green” about a product category that is itself lacking in environmental benefits. Organic cigarettes are an example of this sin.

7. The Sin of Fibbing. This is when environmental claims are outright false. One common example is products falsely claiming to be Energy Star-certified.

“In our ‘2009 Seven Sins of Greenwashing’ report, we focused on children’s toys, baby products, cosmetics, and cleaning products because these product categories are the most susceptible to greenwashing and are of particular concern to consumers who want to ensure what they buy is safe for their families and are environmentally responsible,” explains Case.

The report also investigates the state of greenwashing in the U.K. and Australia, including examining almost 1,000 products in each of these two countries, revealing that greenwashing is an international challenge.

“The final piece of good news is that eco-labeling is on the rise,” adds Case. “Legitimate eco-labeling is nearly twice as common as it was in our 2007 survey, increasing from 13.7 percent to 23.4 percent on all ‘green’ products. ‘The 2009 Seven Sins of Greenwashing’ report demonstrates that consumers do have greener choices in products but that they need to recognize the legitimate labels and ask questions of unfamiliar ones.”

A full copy of “The 2009 Seven Sins of Greenwashing” [10]report is available online.